Präparative Aspekte der Faserpolymere

5. Internationales Makromolekulares Symposium

Abstract

Although man-made fibers nowadays cover about half the need for textile materials, the number of fibre polymers is remarkably small compared with the very large number of polymers produced and the many different types that are applied in the manufacture of plastics, rubbers, paints and varnishes. This is largely due to the fact that polymers must possess a characteristic balance of properties in order to be suitable for use as fibre polymers. Some examples are given and the general trend is discussed that can be observed in the development of polymers for man-made fibres over the last thirty years.

The underlying principles in the manufacture of the usual fibre polymers can be divided into categories covering polymerization chemistry, polymerization technology and spinning technology, each of which is elucidated by examples.

In addition to the conventional production methods there are a number of special – mostly two-stage – processes for the manufacture of fibres for very specific fields of application, such as the elastomers, the heat-resistant and nonflammable fibres, and the fibres with an extremely high modulus.

The manufacturing principles are complemented by the principles of fibre engineering. They involve the texturizing processes, which give the fibre a lively appearance, and, on the other hand, the realization of bicomponent systems with special properties, which, in turn, may be of importance in the incorporation of texture, comfort, nonflammability and antistatic properties.