Substitutionsreaktionen mit Halogen(+I)-Verbindungen

Abstract

Compounds of general formula Cl–Y (or Br–Y), in which Y is more electronegative than the halogen, undergo substitution reactions with many metal chlorides (bromides) and metal organyls: 

MCl_x + Cl^δ+–Y^δ- → MCl_x-1Y + Cl₂
MR_x + Cl^δ+–Y^δ- → MR_x-1Y + RCl

The driving force of these reactions is the mutual neutralisation of the oppositely charged chlorine species Cl^⊕/Cl^⊖ or of Cl^⊕/R^⊖. By variation of the Y-component [e. g. Y = ½O, F, NO₃, N₃, NCO, C(CN)₃], the way to a large number of substitution products is opened, which in several cases lead to further interesting compounds.